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Date |
Event(s) |
| 1 | 1644 | - 15 Sep 1644—7 Jan 1655: Pope Innocent X
Giovanni Battista Pamphili, born on 6 May 1574 in Rome, Papal States
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| 2 | 1655 | - 7 Apr 1655—22 May 1667: Pope Alexander VII
Fabio Chigi, born on 13 February 1599 in Siena, Grand Duchy of Tuscany
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| 3 | 1665 | - 1665—1666: Great Plague of London
Bubonic plague. Killed an estimated 100,000 individuals
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| 4 | 1667 | - 20 Jun 1667—9 Dec 1669: Pope Clement IX
Giulio Rospigliosi, born on 28 January 1600 in Pistoia, Grand Duchy of Tuscany
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| 5 | 1668 | - 1668—1668: France plague
Bubonic plague, killed 20,000 individuals.
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| 6 | 1670 | - 29 Apr 1670—22 Jul 1676: Pope Clement X
Emilio Bonaventura Altieri, born on 13 July 1590 in Rome, Papal States
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| 7 | 1676 | - 21 Sep 1676—12 Aug 1689: Pope Innocent XI
Benedetto Odescalchi, born on 16 May 1611 in Como, Duchy of Milan
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| 8 | 1677 | - 1677—1678: Boston smallpox epidemic
Smallpox epidemic that killed 750 to 1,000 residents of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, British North America
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| 9 | 1689 | - 3 Oct 1689—1 Feb 1691: Pope Alexander VIII
Pietro Vito Ottoboni, born on 22 April 1610 in Venice, Republic of Venice
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| 10 | 1691 | - 12 Jul 1691—27 Sep 1700: Pope Innocent XIII
Antonio Pignatelli, born on 13 March 1615 in Spinazzola, Kingdom of Naples
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| 11 | 1693 | - 1693—1693: Boston yellow fever epidemic
Killed 3,000 residents of Boston, Massachussetts.
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| 12 | 1699 | - 1699—1699: Charleston and Philadelphia yellow fever epidemic
Killed 300 in Charleston, 220 in Philadelphia.
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| 13 | 1700 | - 23 Nov 1700—19 Mar 1721: Pope Clement XI
Giovanni Francesco Albani, born on 23 July 1649 in Urbino, Papal States
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| 14 | 1702 | - 1702—1702: New York City yellow fever epidemic
Killed 500 residents of New York.
- 1702—1703: St. Lawrence Valley smallpox epidemic
Killed 300 settlers of New France along the Saint-Lawrence river valley.
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| 15 | 1713 | - 1713—1715: North America measles epidemic
Killed an unknow number of residents of the Thirteen Colonies and New France, Canada
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| 16 | 1720 | - 1720—1722: Great Plague of Marseille
Bubonic plague - over 100,000 dead in France.
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| 17 | 1721 | - 8 May 1721—7 Mar 1724: Pope Innocent XIII
Michelangelo dei Conti, born 13 May 1655 in Poli, Papal States
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| 18 | 1724 | - 29 May 1724—21 Feb 1730: Pope Benedict XIII
Pierfrancesco Orsini, O.P., born 2 February 1649 in Gravina in Puglia, Kingdom of Naples
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| 19 | 1730 | - 12 Jul 1730—6 Feb 1740: Pope Clement XII
Lorenzo Corsini, born 7 April 1652 in Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany
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| 20 | 1732 | - 1732—1733: 1733 New France smallpox epidemic
An outbreak originating in Boston hit Louisbourg, on present-day Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia. Nearly 200 people died, many of them children. The rest of New France also suffered from a smallpox epidemic during this time.
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| 21 | 1740 | - 17 Aug 1740—3 May 1758: Pope Benedict XIV
Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini, born 31 March 1675 in Bologna, Papal States
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| 22 | 1755 | - 1755—1775: Smalpox epidemic
From 1755 to 1775, smallpox struck again. This epidemic even affected the Seven Years' War, derailing captain Vaudreuil's military plans to attack New England. Over 2,500 cases were reported in Québec City in the first two years, with a mortality rate approaching 20% of the city. The smallpox that ravaged the country during this two-year period is considered the worst smallpox epidemic in Canadian history.
Incredibly, smallpox may have been used as a biological weapon against Indigenous people in the 1760s. Correspondence uncovered between Jeffery Amherst, commander in chief of the British forces in North America and one of his colonels, discuss the tactic of giving contaminated blankets to the Indigenous. We don't know for certain that Amherst's directives were followed, but the outrage it caused in recent years was enough to see Amherst's name removed from a Montreal street. It is now called Atateken Street, meaning "brothers and sisters" in the Kanienʼkéha language.
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| 23 | 1758 | - 6 Jul 1758—2 Feb 1769: Pope Clement XIII
Carlo della Torre di Rezzonico, born 7 March 1693 in Venice, Republic of Venice
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| 24 | 1769 | - 19 May 1769—22 Sep 1774: Pope Clement XIV
Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli, O.F.M. Conv., born in 31 October 1705 Sant'
Arcangelo di Romagna, Papal States
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| 25 | 1775 | - 15 Feb 1775—29 Aug 1779: Pope Pius VI
Giovanni Angelo Onofrio Melchiorre Natale Antonio Braschi, born 25 December 1717 in Cesena, Papal States
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| 26 | 1789 | - 30 Apr 1789—4 Mar 1797: George Washington, US President
(1732–1799)
John Adams, VP
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| 27 | 1797 | - 4 Mar 1797—4 Mar 1801: John Adams, President, USA
(1735–1826)
Federalist - Thomas Jefferson, vice-president
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| 28 | 1800 | - 14 Mar 1800—20 Aug 1823: Pope Pius VII
Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti, O.S.B., born 14 August 1742 in Cesena, Papal States
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| 29 | 1801 | - 4 Mar 1801—4 Mar 1809: Thomas Jefferson, US President
(1743–1826)
Democratic-Republican
Aaron Burr, VP (1801-1804); George Clinton, VP (1804-1809)
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