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Date |
Event(s) |
| 1 | 1922 | - 6 Feb 1922—10 Feb 1939: Pope Pius XI
Ambrogio Damiano Achille Cardinal Ratti, born 31 May 1857 in Desio, Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia, Austrian Empire
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| 2 | 1933 | - 4 Mar 1933—12 Apr 1945: Franklin D. Roosevelt, US President
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), also known as FDR, was the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. He is the longest-serving U.S. president, and the only one to have served more than two terms. His first two terms were centered on combating the Great Depression, while his third and fourth saw him shift his focus to America's involvement in World War II.
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| 3 | 1939 | - 2 Mar 1939—9 Oct 1958: Pope Pius XII
Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Cardinal Pacelli, born 2 March 1876 Rome, Kingdom of Italy
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| 4 | 1945 | - 12 Apr 1945—20 Jan 1953: Harry S. Truman, US President
Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was the 33rd president of the United States, serving from 1945 to 1953. As the 34th vice president in 1945, he assumed the presidency upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt that year. Subsequently, Truman implemented the Marshall Plan in the aftermath of World War II to rebuild the economy of Western Europe, and established both the Truman Doctrine and NATO to contain the expansion of Soviet communism. A member of the Democratic Party, he proposed numerous New Deal coalition liberal domestic reforms, but few were enacted by the conservative coalition that dominated the United States Congress.
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| 5 | 1953 | - 20 Jan 1953—20 Jan 1961: Dwight D. Eisenhower, US President
Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (born David Dwight Eisenhower; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was the 34th president of the United States, serving from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, he was Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force in Europe and achieved the five-star rank as General of the Army. Eisenhower planned and supervised two of the most consequential military campaigns of World War II: Operation Torch in the North Africa campaign in 1942–1943 and the invasion of Normandy in 1944.
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| 6 | 1958 | - 28 Oct 1958—3 Jun 1963: Pope John XXIII
Angelo Giuseppe Cardinal Roncalli, born 25 November 1881 in Sotto il Monte, Kingdom of Italy
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| 7 | 1961 | - 20 Jan 1961—22 Nov 1963: John F. Kennedy, US President
John Fitzgerald Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), also known as JFK, was the 35th president of the United States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963. He was the youngest person elected president at 43 years. Kennedy served at the height of the Cold War, and the majority of his foreign policy concerned relations with the Soviet Union and Cuba. A member of the Democratic Party, Kennedy represented Massachusetts in both houses of the United States Congress before his presidency.
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| 8 | 1963 | - 21 Jun 1963—6 Aug 1978: Pope Paul VI
Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Cardinal Montini, born 26 September 1897 in Concesio, Kingdom of Italy
- 22 Nov 1963—20 Jan 1969: Lyndon B. Johnson, US President
Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908 – January 22, 1973), also known as LBJ, was the 36th president of the United States, serving from 1963 to 1969. He became president after the assassination of John F. Kennedy, under whom he had served as the 37th vice president from 1961 to 1963. A Southern Democrat, Johnson previously represented Texas in Congress for over 23 years, first as a U.S. representative from 1937 to 1949, and then as a U.S. senator from 1949 to 1961.
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| 9 | 1969 | - 20 Jan 1969—9 Aug 1974: Richard M. Nixon, US President
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 until his resignation in 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he represented California in both houses of the United States Congress before serving as the 36th vice president under President Dwight D. Eisenhower from 1953 to 1961. His presidency saw the reduction of U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, détente with the Soviet Union and China, the Apollo 11 Moon landing, and the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Nixon's second term ended early when he became the only U.S. president to resign from office, as a result of the Watergate scandal.
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| 10 | 1974 | - 9 Aug 1974—20 Jan 1977: Gerald Ford, US President
Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King Jr.; July 14, 1913 – December 26, 2006) was the 38th president of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977. A member of the Republican Party, Ford assumed the presidency after the resignation of President Richard Nixon, under whom he had served as the 40th vice president from 1973 to 1974 following Spiro Agnew's resignation. Prior to that, he served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1949 to 1973.
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| 11 | 1977 | - 20 Jan 1977—20 Jan 1981: Jimmy Carter, US President
James Earl Carter Jr. (October 1, 1924 – December 29, 2024) was the 39th president of the United States, serving from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party, Carter served from 1971 to 1975 as the 76th governor of Georgia and from 1963 to 1967 in the Georgia State Senate. He was the longest-lived president in U.S. history and the first to reach the age of 100.
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| 12 | 1978 | - 26 Aug 1978—28 Sep 1978: Pope John Paul
Albino Cardinal Luciani, born on 17 October 1912 in Forno di Canale, Kingdom of Italy
- 16 Oct 1978—2 Apr 2005: Pope John Paul II
Karol Józef Cardinal Wojtyła, born 18 May 1920 in Wadowice, Republic of Poland
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1934 - 1978 (44 years)
